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Climate change: the big picture

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Skeptical Science is an extraordinarily valuable resource for those of us who are concerned about human impacts on the global climate but aren't climate experts. It provides easy-to-read and authoritative analyses of recent discoveries, and it provides excellent summaries of what we do and don't know. It was started by John Cook in 2007.

A physics graduate from the University of Queensland who majored in solar physics in his postgraduate honours year, Cook launched the Skeptical Science website in 2007 after becoming frustrated at lies and half-truths surrounding global warming. The site provides a scientifically accurate database of climate information and is the engine room of Cook's campaign to use the web, smartphone apps and social media tools to disseminate climate information.

Having received international acclaim within the science world, the Skeptical Science website receives more than 500,000 visits per month, while the iPhone app has been downloaded more than 72,000 times. (source)

Cook's work was recognized this year with the 2011 Eureka Prize for the Advancement of Climate Change Knowledge from the Australian Museum. The Eureka Prizes are the most prestigious awards in Australian science.

I bring this all up because just a few days ago Skeptical Science updated its Climate Big Picture, which provides a broad overview of what we know. You should follow that link and read the whole thing, but here's a quick summary:

  • The earth is warming.
  • Global warming continues.
  • Humans are increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases.
  • Human greenhouse gases are causing global warming.
  • The warming will continue.
  • The net result will be bad.
  • Arguments to the contrary are superficial.
  • There are legitimate unresolved questions.
  • Smart risk management means taking action.
  • We can solve the problem.

Defending the anthropocene

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In 2002, Paul Crutzen1 published an article in Nature entitled "The geology of mankind." In it he argued that the human influence on the global environment has been so large that were we suddenly to go extinct, the record of our activities would be recorded in earth's geology. He coined the term "Anthropocene" to refer to the geological stage in which we are now living. The International Commission on Stratigraphy even has a working group on the Anthropocene within its division of Quaternary Stratigraphy whose purpose is "to examine the status, hierarchical level and definition of the Anthropocene as a potential new formal division of the Geological Time Scale" (http://www.quaternary.stratigraphy.org.uk/workinggroups/). To most people who have heard the term Anthropocene before, it conjures up a world of degraded ecosystems, a world in which humans have depleted resources, poisoned airs and waters, and cuased extinctions of many plants and animals.

Emma Marris, Peter Kareiva, Joseph Mascaroa, and Erle C. Ellis have a different view:

The Anthropocene does not represent the failure of environmentalism. It is the stage on which a new, more positive and forward-looking environmentalism can be built. This is the Earth we have created, and we have a duty, as a species, to protect it and manage it with love and intelligence. It is not ruined. It is beautiful still, and can be even more beautiful, if we work together and care for it. (source)
Read the whole piece to see their argument.


What a wonderful world

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Thank you, David Attenborough.


Finding Oregon

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Hannah Waters declares "If your heart doesn't stop, I declare you inhuman." I agree.

Living green

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One challenge we all face as consumers is buying products that reflect our values. For me, that means buying products that are sustainably produced and have small impacts on the environment whenever I have the choice. I use the Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch guide to seafood when I'm eating out to help me identify choices that are abundant, sustainably harvested, or farmed in ways that minimize environmental damage. But when I want to buy deodorant or toothpaste or cereal, I've had to trust the manufacturer's labeling and hope products that identify themselves as green really are.

Now there's an alternative.

GoodGuide is in business to provide authoritative information about the health, environmental and social performance of products and companies. Our mission is to help consumers make purchasing decisions that reflect their preferences and values. We believe that better information can transform the marketplace: as more consumers buy better products, retailers and manufacturers face compelling incentives to make products that are safe, environmentally sustainable and produced using ethical sourcing of raw materials and labor. (source)
There are even apps for iPhone and Android.



I just joined on Saturday, so I can't promise that it's going to be all that it's cracked up to be, but it looks promising so far.


7 billion

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Next Monday the world population will reach 7 billion. It is projected to reach 9 billion by 2050, and could reach 10 billion by 2100. To get a sense of what that means, visit The Guardian to see what the world's population was when you were born. For me, the answer is (approximately)

world-population-1956.png
The human population of the world reached 6 billion in 1999. We will add an entire world in the first 50 years of this century.1 Share your results in the comments.


Green Fire

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Aldo Leopold was one of the great conservationists of the 20th century. I remember very clearly discovering A Sand County Almanac in the visitors center at Dinosaur National Park during a family vacation when I was in high school. I was already a fan of Thoreau and Muir, but here were essays by a biologist that showed as much reverence for the natural world as Thoreau or Muir and were infused with the understanding of a professional biologist. The Land Ethic spoke to me deeply, as did Thinking Like a Mountain, especially this paragraph:

We reached the old wolf in time to watch a fierce green fire dying in her eyes. I realized then, and have known ever since, that there was something new to me in those eyes - something known only to her and to the mountain. I was young then, and full of trigger-itch; I thought that because fewer wolves meant more deer, that no wolves would mean hunters' paradise. But after seeing the green fire die, I sensed that neither the wolf nor the mountain agreed with such a view.
Tonight the Edwin Way Teale Series on Nature & the Environment opens its 2011-2012 season with a showing of Green Fire: Aldo Leopold and a Land Ethic for our Time. Curt Meine, who wrote the definitive biography of Aldo Leopold, and Ann and Steve Dunsky, the filmmakers, will join us to answer questions from the audience after the showing. The showing is free to everyone who is interested. Please join us.

Time:  7:00pm
Place: Konover Auditorium, Dodd Center, University of Connecticut

Making paper

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Unless you buy recycled paper, the paper you use1 is probably made from wood pulp. Cotton and linen are added to "fine" papers, and there are wood free alternatives. But here's a wood-free alternative you're not likely to find from your local supplier.2

Mahima Mehra, a Delhi-based paper merchant, turned to elephant dung as the raw material [for her paper]. Ms Mehra sells her paper, produced by her business partner Vijayendra Shekhawat, under the name Haathi Chaap, Hindi for "Elephant Mark". They stumbled on the idea during their visit to Amer fort in Jaipur. They observed that the clumps of roughage left behind by elephants ferrying tourists up to the fort bore a striking similarity to the raw fibre used in paper-making. ("Frugal innovation: wholly shit", The Economist, 14 September 2011)

Related articles

Fall into phenology

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Today is the first day of Fall into Phenology. What's that? It's part of Project BudBurst at NEON, Inc. Still confused? Just head over to the website, register for Project BudBurst, pick a plant, make an observation, and report it.

Why would you want to do that?

Because scientists want to know when plants are losing their leaves, when they're flowering, and many other things. And we want to know it about as many different kinds of plants from as many different places as we can. There are too many plants and too many places for us to do it ourselves, so NEON is asking for your help. It will only take a few minutes, and your data will be very valuable. Please join in.

9 more?

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Hurricane Irene on August 15, shortly before r...

Image via Wikipedia

Dennis Felgen of the National Hurricane Center told the New Scientist "We expect an active season with up to 18 named storms. We're halfway there." Irene wasn't nearly as bad as she could have been, but we got lucky.1 From the New Scientist:

That's partially because Irene's central core took an unexpected turn between the Bahamas and North Carolina. Under the right conditions, a ring of thunderstorms can form around the central eye of the storm. This outer ring can choke off the inner eye wall and then contract, providing a surge of faster winds.
The U.S. may not be so lucky next time. Katia looks pretty scary.


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