Introduction

The northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) is a monogamous, territorial subspecies that inhabits old-growth coniferous forests in western Washington, Oregon, and northern California. Throughout its range, it is closely associated with old, dense, large-diameter forest stands that provide forage, cover, and suitable nest sites. Each breeding pair uses about one to three square miles of forest more than 250 years old and below an elevation of approximately 4000 feet. Timber harvest, fire, and clearing for agricultural and urban development have reduced spottted owl habitats to less than 10% of their original area, mostly since 1950. In considering plans for its conservation, several questions arise:

1. Is it different enough from other spotted owls to warrant protection?

2. If so, what are the prospects for its long term survival?

3. What must be done to prevent extinction of the northern Spotted Owl?¹